Adaptation of the Short Form of the Tobacco Craving Questionnaire into Turkish

Huseyin Elbi, Aynur Çetinkaya, Mert Kayan, Ali Tayhan

Keywords: Tobacco craving, validity, methodological study

Background:
Tobacco use is one of the leading risk factors among the preventable causes of illness and death, as it causes many health problems. Severe substance use craving is a factor that complicates compliance with treatment in smokers. For this reason, it is important to determine the craving desire. Tobacco Craving Questionnaire- Short Form (TCQ-SF) is a practical, short and easily applicable measurement tool for cigarette craving.

Research questions:
There is no short and easy-to-use scale adapted to Turkish that measures the strength and frequency of craving for tobacco use together. In this study, it was aimed to adapt the TCQ-SF scale into Turkish, which has proven validity and reliability for tobacco craving.

Method:
The research was designed in methodological type. Data were collected electronically during the period of social closure due to COVID-19. As data collection tools; TCQ-SF, Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Scale were used. Language adaptation, confirmatory factor analyses, explanatory factor analysis, known groups and discriminant validity analyzes of TCQ-SF were applied.

Results:
214 people were included in the study. The 12-item cronbach's alpha value of TCQ-SF was calculated as 0.939. The one-dimensional model in the original scale was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. Since the model fit indices were not good it was determined that the original structure of the scale did not show sufficient fit. The explanatory level of the variability of the items constituting the two-dimensional structure produced from the explanatory factor analysis to the scale is 74.71%. In the comparison between scales made within the scope of discriminant validity analysis; significant positive correlations were found between the other scales of the Tobacco Craving Questionnaire-Short Form (p<0.05).

Conclusions:
It is thought that TCQ-SF Turkish will be an important guide in the planning of smoking cessation treatment in our country by determining the desire for smoking craving.

Points for discussion:
Do you have any methodological suggestions?

How do you think this scale can contribute to the practice of smoking cessation treatment?